Wwi - Total War Essays - Economic Warfare, Politics,

Wwi - Total War By 1939 France and Great Britain had declared war on Germany. Germany had invaded Poland and was working towards European domination while on the other side of the globe Japan had launched a massive attack on China and Korea and was steadily moving over the Pacific in an attempt to gain complete control over Greater East Asia. Italy was attempting to conquer the Mediterranean and was, thus far, triumphant. All was being broadcast globally on the radio. This was becoming a war unlike any in the 20th century, even the First World War couldn't compare to this gruesome fight against fascism, communism and world domination. For the first time ever there was a war on nearly every continent and ocean as well as every head and heart. This essay will examine how the media, economic and militaristic mobilization as well as the ideological opinions contribute to the view of the world being engrossed in what has now been called the last noble war. This war characterized itself by the complete mobilization of man and his

The Discovery of Fire in the Early Stone Age

The Discovery of Fire in the Early Stone Age The discovery of fire, or, more precisely, the controlled use of fire, was one of mankinds first great innovations. Fire allows us to produce light and heat, to cook plants and animals, to clear forests for planting, to heat-treat stone for making stone tools, to keep predator animals away, and to burn clay for ceramic objects. It has social purposes as well. Fires serve as gathering places, as beacons for those away from camp, and as spaces for special activities. The Progress of Fire Control The human control of fire likely required the cognitive ability to conceptualize the idea of fire, which itself has been recognized in chimpanzees; great apes have been known to prefer their foods cooked. The fact that experimentation with fire occurred during the early days of humanity should come as no surprise. Archaeologist J.A.J. Gowlett offers this general outline for the development of fire use:  opportunistic use of fire from natural occurrences (lightning strikes, meteor impacts, etc);  limited conservation of fires lit by natural occurrences; use of animal dung or other slow-burning substances to maintain fires in wet or cold seasons; and finally,  kindled fire. Early Evidence The controlled use of fire was likely an invention of our ancestor Homo erectus during the Early Stone Age (or Lower Paleolithic). The earliest evidence of fire associated with humans  comes from Oldowan hominid sites in the Lake Turkana region of Kenya. The site of Koobi Fora contained oxidized patches of earth to a depth of several centimeters, which some scholars interpret as evidence of fire control. The Australopithecine site of Chesowanja in central Kenya (about 1.4 million years old) also contained burned clay clasts  in small areas. Other Lower Paleolithic sites in Africa that contain possible evidence of fire include Gadeb in Ethiopia (burned rock), and Swartkrans (burned bones) and Wonderwerk Cave (burned ash and bone fragments), both in South Africa. The earliest evidence for controlled use of fire outside of Africa is at the Lower Paleolithic site of Gesher Benot Yaaqov in Israel, where charred wood and seeds were recovered from a site dated 790,000 years old. Other evidence has been found at Zhoukoudian, a Lower Paleolithic site in China, Beeches Pit in the U.K., and Qesem Cave in Israel. An Ongoing Discussion Archaeologists examined the available data for European sites and concluded that habitual use of fire wasnt part of the suite of human behaviors until about 300,000 to 400,000 years ago. They believe that the earlier sites are representative of the  opportunistic use of natural fires. Terrence Twomey published a comprehensive discussion of the early evidence for the  human control of fire at 400,000 to 800,000 years ago. Twomey believes that there is no direct evidence for domestic fires between 400,000 and 700,000 years ago, but he believes that other, indirect evidence supports the notion of the controlled use of fire. Indirect Evidence Twomeys argument is based on several lines of indirect evidence. First, he cites the metabolic demands of relatively big-brained Middle Pleistocene hunter-gatherers  and suggests that brain evolution required cooked food. Further, he argues that our distinctive sleep patterns (staying up after dark) are deeply rooted and that hominids began staying in seasonally or permanently cool places by 800,000 years ago. All of this, says Twomey, implies effective control of fire. Gowlett and Richard Wrangham argue that another piece of indirect evidence for the early use of fire is that our ancestors Homo  erectus evolved smaller mouths, teeth, and digestive systems, in striking contrast to earlier hominids. The benefits of having a smaller gut could not be realized until high-quality foods were available all year long. The adoption of cooking, which softens food and makes it easier to digest, could have led to these changes. Hearth Fire Construction A hearth is a deliberately constructed fireplace. The earliest examples were made by collecting stones to contain the fires, or simply by reusing the same location again and again and allowing the ash from previous fires to accumulate. Hearths from the Middle Paleolithic period (about 200,000 to 40,000 years ago) have been found at sites such as the Klasies River Caves in South Africa, Tabun Cave in Israel, and Bolomor Cave in Spain. Earth ovens, on the other hand, are hearths with banked and sometimes domed structures built of clay. These types of hearths were first used during the Upper Paleolithic period for cooking and heating and sometimes for burning clay figurines. The Gravettian Dolni Vestonice site in the modern Czech Republic has evidence of kiln construction, although construction details did not survive. The best information on Upper Paleolithic kilns is from the Aurignacian deposits of Klisoura Cave  in Greece. Fuels Relict wood was likely the fuel used for the earliest fires. Purposeful selection of wood came later: hardwood such as oak burns differently than softwood such as pine, since the moisture content and density of a wood all affect how hot or long it will burn. In places where wood was not available, alternative fuels such as peat, cut turf, animal dung, animal bone, seaweed, and straw were used to build fires. Animal dung was likely not consistently used until after animal domestication  led to the keeping of livestock, about 10,000 years ago. Sources Attwell L., Kovarovic K., and Kendal J.R. Fire in the Plio-Pleistocene: The Functions of Hominin Fire Use, and the Mechanistic, Developmental and Evolutionary Consequences. Journal of Anthropological Sciences, 2015.Bentsen S.E. Using Pyrotechnology: Fire-Related Features and Activities With a Focus on the African Middle Stone Age. Journal of Archaeological Research, 2014.Gowlett J.A.J. The Discovery of Fire by Humans: A Long and Convoluted Process. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2016.Gowlett J.A.J., and Wrangham R.W. Earliest Fire in Africa: Towards the Convergence of Archaeological Evidence and the Cooking Hypothesis. Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa, 2013.Stahlschmidt M.C., Miller C.E., Ligouis B., Hambach U., Goldberg P., Berna F., Richter D., Urban B., Serangeli J., and Conard N.J. On the Evidence for Human Use and Control of Fire at Schà ¶ningen. Journal of Human Evolution, 2015.Twomey T. The Cognitive Implications of Controlled Fire Use by Early Humans. Cambridge Archaeological Journal, 2013.

Case study on cafe expresso

This is a detailed report on a research case study cafe expresso. This report throws light on how the company was facing problems because of their stagnant marketing strategy. And how did the company loose its market share and went to number three position after it faced down fall. They appointed a new chief executive Ben Thomson who brought up many changes in the company. This report also highlights about Ben Thomson’s leadership qualities. In this context few of important types of leadership theories and styles are explained. Ben Thomson also appointed Kam Patel as a new global HR who brought many important changes in the organization. This report critically analyses the situation of the cafe expresso and the role played by Ben Thomson and Kam patel, through underpinning theories of leadership, human recourse management and team work. The report also makes few recommendations to the company that will help the company to grow with its goodwill and will be able to get back to the number one position in the market with new name and fame. Table of Contents 1. 0. Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5 LITERATURE REVIEW Introduction This case study elaborates us about a cafe house which was one amongst the most well reputed cafe houses in the world. Due to certain unfavorable situations, the cafe expresso had to face some problems. This report has discussed about Leadership, human resource management and team work in relation to this case study. I have also highlighted certain points on leadership styles and quality, human resource management characteristics and factors, team work and working effectively with the team. The report gives a clear picture on how the company worked together and how the new chief executive Ben Thomson worked in the situation of crisis. Then when the new HR director was appointed what kind of strategies she applied and what kind of new innovative idea she came up with, to encourage and motivate employees. It also discusses what kind of strategic planning she followed and so on. Strategic participation is very important for HR executives who desire to have increased influence in their company. A number of prior studies have suggested a great connection between Human resource management and strategic planning (Uen and Ahlstrom, 2012). Leadership is a special quality that not all individual possess. It is a kind of talent that has to be developed. According to Claydon. et. al, (2010, pg. 295), leadership in an organizational role involves establishing a clear vision and sharing that vision with others so that they follow willingly. In other words, the activity of leading people or a group of people or an organization or the capacity to follow the aim is called as leadership. The report also elaborates on team work and how the entire team in the organization helped the organization to get back its number one position. According to Claydon. et. al, (2010, pg. 650), â€Å"team work is difficult part of administration as it involves employees to work together trying their best to work under any situations and circumstances†. In other words, team work is the process of working together collaboratively with a team of people in order to achieve a goal . The main things that are highlighted in this report is, how did cafe expresso prelaunch their marketing strategy to get back their number one position back. According to Torrington and Hall (2011, pg. 57) â€Å"Human resource management includes conducting job, planning the needs, training orienting, communicating, recruiting the right people for right job†. It was an administrative discipline of engaging and developing employees so that they become more valuable to the organization. The report gives a clear picture of performance management and how did all employees work together to attain the goal. According to Kleynhams, Markham. et. al (2007), â€Å"A work of an employee is to progress towards predetermined goals†. LITERATURE REVIEW Cafe Expresso was one of the most leading cafe houses and it was also one among top three players in the cafe house. Cafe expresso had enjoyed 15 years of advantage of being on number one position. The main drawback which was committed by Cafe expresso was that, they being in a dynamic service sector, they did not change their marketing strategy and hence it caused them a problem, because other competitors from coffee world took over their business strategy and hence they had to face a major drawback in the market. Cafe expresso lost its market share. For a company to succeed in the turbulence of today’s business markets, it must never stand still or allow employees mindsets to congeal. This was one of the main mistakes committed by cafe espresso. Cafe expresso did not patent their company, so that any other companies couldn’t copy their business strategy. (Smith and Day, 2000). Strategic planning in many organizations has never given space for strategic thinking. However the planning is not sufficient. The requirement for strategic planning has never been in demand (Uehlinger,2004). Valuing employees in crucial time and communicating with them can help employee to motivate and reduce tension among employees. It helps building of essential trust and commitment to company. When the company hired a new chief executive Ben Thomson he transformed the entire organizational strategy. Ben Thomson took over the company’s marketing policy to a new level and helped it to come up with new marketing strategy. LEADERSHIP STYLES AND QUALITIES In a business there is a leadership style called â€Å"transformational leadership† which is essential and effective. Transformational leaders have ability, skills and integrity by which they encourage people to manage and communicate (Clegg, et. al, 2011, pg. 141). There are other few styles of leadership that are very famous like, 1. Transactional Leadership 2. Autocratic Leadership 3. Bureaucratic Leadership 4. Charismatic Leadership 1. Transactional Leadership According to Clegg,et. al, (2011, pg. ,138), â€Å"Transactional Leadership is a leadership style that starts with an idea that, the followers agrees to obey their leader â€Å". In this kind of leadership the leader has all the right towards their employees. This is such a kind of leadership which is based on management more than a dictator kind of leadership. In this kind of leadership the employees are encouraged by giving incentives, commission etc. 2. Autocratic Leadership According to Torrington,et. al, (1998, pg. 295), â€Å"Autocratic Leadership is a kind of leadership is an extreme kind of leadership where only the leaders have control over their employees†. This kind of leadership is used only in crisis when any kind of complex decisions have to be taken. That permits groups to relate their attention on performing there given tasks and vision, mission. 3. Bureaucratic Leadership According Torrington,et. al (1998,pg. 299), â€Å"Bureaucratic leadership is a Style where they work by books, follow procedures and ensure that their people work accordingly†. This can cause resentment when members don’t follow their advice or expertise. 4. Charismatic Leadership According to Clegg. et. al, (2011, pg. 139) â€Å"the difference between charismatic and transformational leadership lies between their main intention. The important side of charismatic leaders is that they believe more in self than in teamwork. In this kind of leadership if leaders take wrong decisions the whole company collapses. From the above mentioned 4 types of leadership, it can be concluded that, Ben Thomson was a transactional leader. He took up all the important managerial responsibility of the organization and also encouraged his employees simultaneously. We can also call him a charismatic leader, because he came up with certain ideas of employing a new global HR who took up the risk and applied it in an organization, where all the employees agreed to work accordingly and hence they succeeded to achieve their goal. According to the charismatic style of leadership the main intention was to reintroduce the entire marketing strategy in an organization. Kam Patel also can be regarded as transactional and charismatic leader. She took up risk of giving the opportunity to the store managers to take interview of new candidates and also gave opportunity to selected candidates to work on half-trial basis. According to Sparrow,et. al (1998, pg. 245), â€Å"a magnanimous leader is one who sees that a proper credit is given to all his/her employees†. Kam Patel is a magnanimous leader. This kind of leaders helps the employees to concentrate and grow better day-by-day. To become famous and take responsibility of failure needs courage that is a hallmark of leadership. HUMAN RESOURCE STRATEGY According to Torrington, et. al, (1998,pg. 69), the human resource management is about assurance and attitude, which is carried in business environment. (Eg: Kam Patel took into consideration about the wages and interest of employees). The following few factors are taken in to consideration while discussing about HRM. 1. Environmental factors 2. Share Holder 3. Human resource strategy 4. Long-term outcomes. According to Maund. et. al, (2001, pg. 71), human resource management has become very popular in western countries. It is very important how HRM is being handled for the success of the business. Like fashion and new trends in technology the human resource strategy also keeps changing day to day. Characteristics of Human resource management (Maund,. et. al. 2001,pg. 32. ) 1. A particular path of promises and hypothesis 2. A strategy informing and involving decision about employee 3. The central participation of all managers 4. Reliability to improve employment relationship. 5. Huaman resource management is about commitment, trust and employee-centered According to Wright, Gehart, et. al, (2010, pg. 350), companies that look for competitive advantage from employees must be ready to manage the outputs and attitudes of all the employees. Performance appraisal is a legal/official duty that is followed by managers and is accepted as the primary responsibility of human resource function. Managers now look at performance appraisal as annual belief. Kam Patel was very much aware of the situation and the environment in the organization hence she took a decision of making performance appraisal by making the employees of the organization as partners of cafe expresso. This was one of the new HR strategy which was introduced by her. She also stressed more on the following points like business strategy, resourcing and retention, learning and development, talent management, employee involvement and communication, compensation, incentives and benefits. Motivation: According to Maslow (1965), motivation refers to encouragement or supporting to work more effectively (Clegg, Kornberger and Pitsis,2011, pg. 148). In this context, it shows how Kam Patel, also focused on the compensation and benefits. She introduced new discount program, where the employees of the organization could have 30% of discount in all coffee stores globally. PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT Performance management is one of the key factors that are supposed to be included in the management sector (Loewenberger, 2012). It includes few essential factors like, 1. Leading and motivating 2. Learning and development 3. Reward and recognition 4. Involvement, participation, and empowerment 5. Managing teams 6. Assessing performance Performance management is one of the key factors in the organization because it involves the efforts that are taken by the management and the leader (Loewenberger, 2012). The cafe expresso had to concentrate more on performance management because they had lost their market share. And also, because of less wages, they had few employees. So they had to concentrate more on performance management criteria to get back their position, because some where Ben Thomson and Kam Patel knew, how to handle and deal with performance management. Hence they were successful. TEAM WORK According to Torrington and Hall, (1998, pg. 335), a team can be described as a certain number of individuals working together to achieve a common goal. While performing in an organization the team comes at the beginning and the individual comes later. All the task that individual member does is regarded as the fulfillment towards the teams goal rather then their individual credibility. In other words, a team can be termed as more psychologically committed to each other to achieve a common target in which all employees are involved and share some amount of responsibility and outcome (Clegg, Kornberger and Pitsis, 2011, pg. 88). In the case of Cafe expresso, Kam Patel encouraged the employees of the organization to work in unity. She focused on appointing new partners through window advertising and verbal evidence. This approach worked very well for her because quite a lot of partners actually understood the marketing strategy and marketing approach of the organization. This kind of behavioral approach shows how Kam Patel worked indirectly on teamwork and took efforts to reach out to the employees. FUNCTIONS OF TEAM WORK (Loewenberger, 2012): 1. Task 2. Maintenance 3. Self-orientated 4. Collective performance 5. Positive energy 6. Complementary skills TASKS PERFORMED BY TEAM WORK Task is one of the main functions of team when they work together. A real team has a common approach goal and strategy to work together to achieve its goal. While working in team if people don’t challenge each other they will not be able to work effectively and independently. In a high-functioning team, people enjoy their work because any problem which comes across the team, becomes a challenge to them and hence they enjoy it. So any problem or difficult situation which ever comes across them they take it as a challenge (Loewenberger, 2012). In the case of cafe expresso the loss of market share and the loss of their number one position was one of the main challenges and it was a very difficult situation.. CONCLUSION It is believed employees and relationships are at the core of the business success. Hence from the above report we can draw a conclusion that cafe expresso was one of the leading cafe expresso and due to their stagnant marketing strategy they did not bring in any essential changes in their organization. Hence their marketing strategy remained the same for 15 years. In the mean time, other coffee houses copied their marketing strategies and plans, which affected their market share and hence they lost their position in the market. Under the active leadership of Ben Thomson and Kam Patel, the company undertook many new steps and tried to improve their marketing strategy. Kam Patel being the new HR manager introduced few ideas because of which the company got its position back. Even the employees were encouraged and motivated. Because of above factors, they recaptured their market share to some extent and were able to move to number two positions as the best cafe house across the globe. The company made many changes and followed new practices in the area of HRM, teamwork, leadership, and performance management to resolve their problems. When Ben Thomson and Kam Patel worked together as a team they were very successful and hence they enjoyed their work and came up with new strategies, which actually helped the team to achieve their market share and also helped to regain their position in the market. When Kam Patel actually brought up the new policy of making the employees as the business partners this strategy helped directly to the organization because each and every individual would with more interest and enthusiasm because they would feel that somewhere they were also responsible towards the success of the company. The strategy of feedback from customers helped the organization to develop and improve . She also introduced a coffee program called â€Å"coffee master â€Å"which enabled the employees to become ambassador. The discount of 30%added up to motivate the employees in a positive attitude. RECOMMENDATION After the analysis of the case study as a management student I strongly recommend SWOT analysis that is explained below with help of a diagram. Internal Factors STRENGTHS WEAKNESS Marketing expertise Innovation Location Quality process Business that adds value to service Un- differentiated service Risk of stagnant marketing strategy Low employee morale Wage plan External Factors OPPORTUNITY THREAT Improve performance Innovation Patents Adding of new services Endorsements by celebrities Can be expensive Can be copied Can become hectic work for employees Can cause a problem for taxation 1. The company should introduce a scheme where a particular employee is been rewarded regardless of his incentives. 2. The company should develop their own USP to reach out to more customers. 3. The company should understand the competitor’s strategy well and try to be more innovate in their own strategy reach out to more customers in order to regain their number one position. 4. The company should carry out some training sessions that are going to be more creative and fun 5. The customers who visit regularly should be given some discount when the customer buys any mega deal 6. The company should maintain the standard salary of the industry to retain their employees. 7. The customers should be given a card on which they can add credit points on the basis of coffee they purchase so that when the customer buys the same coffee next time he gets a discount. 8. The customer should be encouraged to invest in the companies share by doing this the customer will indirectly help the company to advertise and hence the company will get publicity. 9. If the company adds some more kind of flavors and varieties this will attract the customers.

RFID Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

RFID - Essay Example It is greatly used by the organizations for tracking their assets. They just put the RFID tags so that the assets can be easily located. The technology has also been in use in various manufacturing plants for many years. It is used for tracking the parts as well as monitoring the movement of the ‘work’. It is also used for the reduction of defects and enhancement of output levels. Supply chain of the retail chains is one of the major areas where RFID technology has been playing crucial role for the past few decades. Furthermore, the technology has also made the payment mechanisms more convenient especially in case of ‘road tolls’ and ‘quick service restaurants’ (Association for Automatic Identification and Mobility, n.d.). The main purpose of RFID technology is enabling data for being transmitted through a portable device such as ‘tag’. A RFID reader reads this tag and then it is further processed in accordance to the requirements of the user. The data which is getting transmitted is capable of providing information regarding the locations, identifications or even the specific features of a particular product. RFID technology has become very popular for its capability of tracking ‘moving objects’ (Association for Automatic Identification and Mobility,

Environmental Impact Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Environmental Impact Analysis - Assignment Example It also leads to social problems that are interconnected to the perception of the people who reside in the area where such plants are situated. Nuclear power initiates from fission reaction in which the uranium atoms split into smaller constituents. The energy that is released during this fission reaction is used to produce steam. This steam is then further used in turbines to produce electricity. This method of electricity generation in accumulation is responsible to generate 20 percent of the electricity that is produced within the United States of America. There are more than hundred nuclear power plants currently in the United States of America that are producing this form of energy. (U.S. Energy Information Administration) Uranium is a radioactive metal that is cannot be regenerated by any humanly process. There are specific methods that are used to extract Uranium like the conventional mining technique or by leaching of chemicals. As soon as uranium has been extracted it is the n sent to the uranium processing plants so that they are converted in fuel that can be consumed for various purposes. This fuel is then carried to the nuclear plants for further work. (uranium reserves estimate, EIA) Furthermore when the fuel reaches the plant it is sent to the nuclear reactor, reactions occurs when the neutrons present in uranium undergo collisions that generates heat and produces a chain reaction. Through this process heat is obtained which produces steam to generate electricity in turbines. The environmental impacts of such reactions are mentioned as follows: Despite the fact that the government and other authorities in concern have formulated strict laws to protect the health of the people as well as to secure the environment irrespective of that there are still a vast range of the environmental problems and impacts that are linked to the generation of electricity through this medium. In my paper I would be discussing the various ways through which this form of energy is impacting us. Heat rejection is one of the major concerns that our environment is facing. In the same way we experience with the thermal generated power plants which produce electricity through fossils etc. nuclear power plants also need some way through which they can radiate heat energy which is part of their condensing system. (Bulletin of the atomic scientists, 1946, pg 17)The quantity of the heat that is generated from the various parts of the generating plant differ but an estimate states that about 60-70% of heat energy is released from the plant when a nuclear fuel is ejected.It is usually seen that some of the plant that uses a cooling towers whereas some plants have created an artificial lake or a naturally formed body of water. (Hoffelner, 2013, pg 309) Apart from that it is greatly affecting the marine life that are a part of the environment in which the heat is given out. Another adverse effect that the heat causes in the water is the changing of rate at which the rivers flow also the anomalies present in the water of the sea. A research that was done shows that the apparent rise that occurs in the sea level is almost 3mm/year in the Northeast coast of United States of America. (Kopytko, 2011, pg 318-333) These nuclear power generation plants do not produce normal radiation like carbon , sulphur dioxide or various other gases present in the environment, instead of that these plants radiate emissions which contain uranium which is far more harmful and has

World Health Organization Essay Example for Free

World Health Organization Essay Genetically modified food, also known as GM food refer to as animals or plants that had their genetic makeup altered to make them grow bigger, stay fresher and other benefits that will make human life more simple. The concept of genetically modified (GM) foods has existed for many years. Cross-breeding of plants, has been applied before with the purpose of transferring a desirable trait from one plant species to another. However, a substantial amount of time is required to obtain a specific result. This is because all of the genes are pooled together and numerous attempts are required for the production of offsprings with the preferred trait. Tomatoes are the first GM crop introduced to the world. Although genetically modified foods arises many concerns regarding its safety and consequences of consumption, the real question posed by the society is whether these GM foods should be banned for the benefit of mankind. Even if GM foods have been known to trigger allergic reactions and toxicities, is environmentally hazardous and costly, it should not be banned because it is confirmed to be beneficial to human health, environmentally friendly and able to improve the quality and quantity of life. This report is mainly focused on the benefits of GM food towards mankind. This is due to GM foods being present in almost all countries worldwide. Additionally, to fulfill ever-increasing needs of humans, conventional crops are genetically being replaced by GM crops. (World Health Organization) GM food brings many advantages to mankind. First of all, GM food that was engineered genetically is able to sustain favorable human health and enrich the wellbeing of its consumers. This is because it can remove the malnutrition problem faced by the current world and GM crops can be modified to become edible vaccines to reduce vulnerability towards diseases. Malnutrition problems can be solved by introducing GM foods enhanced with nutrition that humans are lacked of, such as vitamin D and iron that will cause rickets in children or osteoporosis in aged adults as well as iron deficiency. Susceptibility to a certain disease can be reduced if edible vaccines are added into the GM foods such as the GM banana. Hepatitis B can be prevented by eating such genetically modified bananas. Genetically modified foods can remove malnutrition problems faced by mankind today. Vitamins and minerals can be inserted into GM crops such as GM rice to make humans healthier. GM rice contains high amounts of Vitamin A compared to non-GM rice. The other malnutrition problem often faced by humans is iron deficiency. Approximately two billion people prove to be tested positive for iron deficiency. As such, researchers have invested in GM rice by intensifying the iron content in polished rice to solve the iron deficiency problem. The genes that were inserted into the GM foods have a positive effect on the accumulation of iron in the rice kernel that causes the GM rice to contain 6 times more iron compared to the original variety. Some GM crops are modified to become edible vaccines that can reinforce the immune system of humans. Some GM crops have been inserted with DNA sequences encoding for antibodies into their genome. This enables the crops to produce antibiotics in their cells. GM crops such as banana, tomato and potato have been altered to contain bacterial or rotavirus antigens. Large scaled immunizations can be made by introducing edible vaccines to patients, rendering the vaccinations of these diseases considerably easier, painless, and accessible. Per se, antibodies contained in such GM foods will be able to enhance the immune system of human bodies to combat against pathogens when consumed orally. Therefore, it will not be uncommon in the near future when humans can merely ingest GM tomatoes instead of waiting in line to see a doctor. (Galina 2006) Opponents of GM foods claim that GM foods are potentially risky to human health. They assert that GM foods will trigger an allergin in the human body should it be eaten. There is a possibility that a new allergen will be created and result in susceptible individuals exhibiting symptoms of allergic reactions when a foreign gene is introduced into a crop. GM foods are genetically engineered to have their allergenic-causing proteins to be removed. As such, they do not contain potentially harmful proteins as compared to non-GM foods such as peanuts, cereals and eggs. Producing hypoallergenic GM foods would be a desired commodity as these foods will possess the ability to notably decrease the danger of adverse reactions. (Union of Concerned Scientists 2009) One of the benefits introducing GM foods is that the plantation of GM crops is environmentally affable. Currently, our world is afflicted with the issue of pollution. To rectify this problem, GM crops are modified to resistance to insect and pest attack as well as to herbicides. Additionally, another process which is applied in an effort to make GM crops environmentally friendly is phytoremediation. Therefore, pollution can be greatly reduced and eventually be eliminated altogether. Phytoremediation is defined as the rectification of environmental issues through the usage of plants which alleviate the environmental problem without the need to relocate and dispose contaminant materials somewhere else. (World Health Organization 2002) With the population of the world growing substantially each year, significant amounts of stress are placed on resources of land fit for plantation, water, energy, as well as other biological reserves to supply sufficient food whilst sustaining the coherence of the ecosystem. Roughly 1 to 2 billion humans suffer from malnourishment, signifying a sign of scarce food supply, low incomes and sparse allocation of food supplies. Introduction of GM foods have greatly lessened the problem. GM crops are modified to produce greater amounts and increase the nutritional value in crop-derived foods. Substantial amounts of products are able to solve the world food crisis. Desperate pleas for richer, better-off countries to utilize genetic engineering in diminishing famines are a result of thousands losing their lives daily and millions on the verge of starvation. By revising the genetic make-up of plant strains, biotechnology will be able notably lessen world hunger. Crops can be engineered to resist diseases, resulting in the quantity of yield succumbing to disease to decrease. In another case, cold-resistant crops are able to benefit countries enduring from winter the whole year round. (Union of Concerned Scientists 2009) GM foods have raised much controversy in many nations throughout the world. People are still indecisive in their choice to consume products containing GM foods. It stands to be true that doubts concerning GM foods were widespread when first introduced to the public, but through many years of experimental analysis as well as safety tests, GM foods have been confirmed to be safe for human consumption with numerous benefits as a bonus. In fact, GM foods are essential now in resolving the crisis of hunger and scarcity of food around the world. Acceptance of GM foods are beginning to increase significantly over the years as more and more people are convinced of their benefits in terms of cost, health, and nature. (Galina 2006). Therefore, it cannot be denied that GM foods should be legalized for the benefit of mankind. As mentioned in the report, GM foods promote good human health, are environmentally friendly. Hence, it is irrefutable that its advantages totally outweigh its drawbacks and that GM foods are the way to go in ensuring a brighter future for us and for the whole world. Bibliography World Health Organization. (Internet). (2002). Foods derived from modern technology: 20 questions on genetically modified foods.(2012) Available from: http://www. who. int/foodsafety/publications/biotech/20questions/en/index. php Union of Concerned Scientists (2009). Failure to Yield: Biotechnologys Broken Promises. Cambridge, MA, Union of Concerned Scientists. 2012. http://www. ucsusa. org/assets/documents/food_and_agriculture/failure-to-yield-brochure. pdf Gaivoronskaia, Galina (2006). Consumers with Allergic Reaction to Food: Perception of and Response to Food Risk in General and Genetically Modified Food in Particular. 2012. http://www. jstor. org/stable/29733966.

Lost Lenore Essay -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A raven is a dark and mysterious bird, and in this poem a raven visits a man with a message. Edgar Allan Poe’s â€Å"The Raven† is about a man who is having a mental breakdown because of the death of a dear friend. The narrator presents a frightening and sad setting, while throughout the poem, talking about his dear friend Lenore, who has passed away. Later, the mysterious figure of the Raven is introduced as he appears in the narrator’s chamber. Puzzled and terrified by the appearance of this dark vision, the narrator questions his guest in various ways to find out the meaning of his visit. No matter what the narrator asks, the Raven has only one eerie reply.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The narrator describes his frightening and sad surroundings, which reflect his state of mind caused by the death of his dear friend. The narrator opens his sad tale with â€Å"Once upon a midnight dreary† and later offers, â€Å"it was in the bleak December.† He describes his chamber as containing â€Å"many quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore† and his fireplace as â€Å"each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor.† With such images as the old musty books and the dying fire, a mood is set that represents the lonely and frightened state of mind of the narrator. Later, he sees curtains moving without a window open, and hears someone tapping on his chamber door. We begin to see that the narrator is losing touch with reality because he is deeply depressed by of the ...

On the Road by Jack Kerouac Essay

â€Å"On the Road† by Jack Kerouac is largely autobiographical work attributed to the genre of stems of consciousness creation. The novel is based on the author’s spontaneous trips with his friends across mid-century America. The novel is deeply inspired by poetry, jazz and drug experiences. The author has changed many of the names, but most references are claimed to be real-world counterparts. In the five parts and sixteen chapters the author describes restless and crazy journeys of Dean, Sal and his friends across the country. Dean Moriarty plays important role in the novel progression as he symbolizes the changeable nature of human relations and the dark side of society. Nevertheless, he pushes and inspires other to act towards their destinies symbolizing changes and shifts. Dean is certainly negative character, though he has positive impact of Sal – one of the protagonists – as he makes his stronger and more confident. Dean lives in San Francisco, travels across the country. Kerouac defines Dean as â€Å"the perfect guy for the road because he actually was born on the road†. (p. 0) However, he presents Dean as wild and mad character stressing that it is his craziness and energy that affects others to act. Dean drinks a lot, uses drugs and has many women. Moreover, he is a father of four children from two different women. Dean manages to change the life values of Sal. For example, before Sal meets Dean, he had â€Å"just gotten over a serious illness that†¦had something to do with†¦my feeling that everything was dead†. (p. 10) Dean’s character can be defined as embodiment of the whirlwind day and as Sal’s shifts from the East to the West Coast. Dean symbolizes changes acting as mechanism for movement beginning. Dean is zealous and wild personality, though he is captivating as well. Sal says about Dean: â€Å"the only people for me are the mad ones, the ones who are mad to live, mad to talk, mad to be saved, desirous of everything†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . (p. 14-15) Therefore, Dean’s character plays crucial role for Sal’s development as personality, as well as he is the embodiment of passion for life and constant activity.

Drama Coursework – The Evaluative Phase

1. My group's performance started in blackout with sad music which sets the mood and grabs the audiences attention making them listen and think. A red light comes up showing importance and there are narrators talking straight away all dressed in white to show purity and it looks a bit like they are angels. We also see the protagonist who is pregnant as she has a baby bump. In Scene 2 bay lifts come and take Mary's things. There is a lot of confusion and action and the bay lifts are dressed all in black to show they are nasty and harsh. We see this when they grab things off the protagonist and throw her to the floor and everyone stares with their arms folded showing negativity and shows Mary is trapped. To show a change of scene there is a light change and the actors with there arms folded turn in to face off. Then there is another scene change shown by the music being raised and a new set being brought on. The actor who plays the bank manager wears a suit to show importance and seriousness and Mary's husband wears a coat to show he has no intension if stopping with Mary and is going to go back outside. I think the next part of the performance is the strongest part of the play as the music is raised very loud and the actors mime an argument which is a contrast and then the protagonist looses the baby but as there is no speech you can interpret it any way you want. It is a very powerful and emotive scene. Then in the last scene a bed is made and the narrators look like nurses. They then give all the factual information about the advert and they all end in a still image on the bed and the lights fade which makes the audience think about what they have just seen and the music fades with it as the music is played all the way through. . In the beginning there is a lot of movement which grabs the audience's attention and there is also a slide and toys to signify a playground. You can tell that the actors are playing children as there voices are high and squeaky. There is a contrast when two of the actors are in a still image and the others are playing: silence verses sound. There is a use of face off when the stage becomes clear and then the actor turns in to a narrator. There is then an argument given in gibberish so the audience can interpret it however they like and there is a prop used to show alcohol. Music comes in which is emotive and shows sadness and all the actors are in a family portrait. It starts out happy and ends up sad showing what it was like before the father started drinking and then after. Then the light changes to a blue spotlight to show a change of scene and it also symbolizes sadness and focuses on one person that gives a monologue. We can tell the actor is a child as she uses a high squeaky voice and has a dolly which seems to give her security and it makes you feel sorry for her. The scene changes and to show the dad is living on the streets he has a drab blanket and grubby clothes and the only possession he has is a box with newspaper in it. People walking by have changed there character and this is shown by change of costume which shows the performance has multiple role-play in it. At the end there is narration to tell the story and it ends with all the actors in a still image with the lights fading. 3. Before I started homelessness and runaways I used to feel scared of anyone I saw living on the street. I thought that because they are worse off than me and desperate they would try and mug me and if they asked for money I quickly walked away feeling nervous. I think I just judged them because they looked different and lived a very different life to what I did. Now I have learnt about homeless people I realise that they aren't scary and are just the same as me. If I see someone homeless on the streets I feel sorry for them and I think this is because I didn't really no why they were living on the streets. I think I just assumed they were all drug addicts but now I no there are lots of different reasons why people live on the streets and I have learnt that there are all types of homeless people. Now if I see someone I would give them some of my extra change if they needed it because I feel so lucky to live in a house and have a nice bed to sleep in and all they have our the clothes on my back. I think I would feel really happy if I had helped a homeless person out if even just a little bit.

urban sprawl1 essays

urban sprawl1 essays Urban Sprawl is a problem that will have severe consequences for all life if left unrestricted. The unrestricted development of the United States and the world is rapidly contributing to the degradation of our ecosystem. Moreover, if over development continues there will be massive human suffering. Air and water quality are in jeopardy and topsoil is being lost at an alarming rate. If something isn't done soon to curtail rampant development there may be no way to prevent its destructive consequences. In order to understand Urban Sprawl it is imperative to understand the history and origin of cities. The historic causes of urbanization and then sub urbanization can be linked to capitalism. Although many would argue that the first cities came to exist due to an innate human need for solidarity, these Neolithic cities, such as Mesopotamia were mere villages in comparison to the metropolises of the last 200 years. True cities emerge when one class of individuals dominates another in order to extract a surplus. Whether it be the nobles exploiting the peasants in the middle ages, or Henry Ford exploiting autoworkers in 20th century Detroit, it is exploitation for the accumulation of wealth that is the catalyst of the city. When development is based on the marketplace it will be designed to maximize profit rather than maximize the health and welfare of its inhabitants. Least of all, the capitalist city has the least regard for ecology. The result is a sprawling detriment to human and ecological health. At no time was this more evident than The Industrial Revolution. Europeans and then Americans found it profitable to harness rivers for power. They built gristmills first, and then saw mills, then textile mills. Eventually, entrepreneurs would produce anything that they could create a market for. Along the way they exploited what ever was available. Men, women children and immigrants competed for the lowest wages. Of course the earth i...

Portfolio of Festivals and Events Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Portfolio of Festivals and Events - Essay Example Among the members of its member are renowned business organizations like Nokia, Sprint, IBM, and Makewave and ProSyst. With its quest in providing specification, reference implementations, test suites, and certification to foster a valuable cross-industry ecosystem, it conducts a four day community event which it refers to as OSGi Alliance Community Event. This four day event highlights the technology of the organization and the services that it offers. It is especially targeted to developers and business decision makers who will "gain valuable and actionable information and instruction" (OSGi Alliance Community Event 2007). OSGi prepares the event for the benefit of a company which also capitalizes on technology for survival and success. Members and non-members alike are invited to join this In the current year, this community event is hosted by Siemens and is conducted from June 26-28. The event is described as "value-packed" because it features lightning talks, business practices, and business patterns. Having members which are in the forefront of technological advancements it also provides keynotes from thought and industry leaders. Enhancing this event are the presentations by OSGi Alliance CTO BJ Hargrave and Evangelist Peter Kriens (OSGi Alliance Community Event 2007). In order to include all the essential functional departments in a business organization, the community event requires three participants from member companies. The first day which is June 26 becomes a Marketing Committee Meeting while June 27 and 28 are Members Only and Expert Group Meetings, respectively (OSGi Alliance Community Event 2007). In order to join the event, participants are required to fee registration fees according to their status in relation to OGSi: non-members pay 500; associate members pay 450; while full members pay 400. It should be noted that the aforementioned fees will cover only the materials and activities and are exclusive of accommodation fees. This year's event is conducted in Munich (OSGi Alliance Community Event 2007). 2. Sporting Event: All Star NBA Game Widely regarded one of the greatest gathering of basketball stars that are playing the current game, the players selected to represent the Eastern and Western conferences via votes of the public and the NBA coaches have to prove themselves worthy of their selection in this game. As the highlight of the NBA All-Star Week, basketball points scored in this game are normally fast and furious, with lots of slam dunks and creative plays for the excitement of the fans being made by the players. In this game, the players

Inequality in Brazil Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Inequality in Brazil - Essay Example The country has a very diverse social setting with the population consisting of white people who arrived during the era of migration and discovery, black people who arrived during the slavery period and various diverse indigenous communities. The black population has been the one mainly discriminated by the white dominating population. The country has the second most populous black population in the world after Nigeria. The inequality in the country date back to the slave period of which the country had been under Portuguese colonization for hundred of years making the injustices deep rooted and to be accepted as a norm. Unlike in the US or South Africa where inequalities had legal backing, inequality in Brazil takes a cultural twist with the white people exercising cultural domination. Black population together with other non-white indigenous population have come to accept some of the practices regarded as social injustices, as a norm and civilized way of behavior (Smith 76). The no n-white population has been discriminated in almost all sectors, especially in socio-economic and political spheres. With discrimination in education, all other areas are affected. Afro-Brazilians have been greatly sidelined in education system making the acquisition of jobs very hard. Public schools do not have the capacity of providing quality education with the well-established and advanced white schools only affordable by the white elites. Since these Afro-Brazilians cannot secure good schools, they are deprived off the chance of obtaining objective knowledge, many abandoning schooling altogether. The lack of schooling at young age dashes the hopes of ever acquiring higher education in colleges and universities. This institutionalized form of discrimination affects all other areas of the Afro- Brazilians, leading to poor living conditions. The system of education has thus become an institution structured and systematically regulated to make sure the Afro- Brazilians do not gain enough knowledge to enable them to earn decent wages. With no sustainable wages, the black population has very limited economic influence, the majority barely making the stipulated quarter of the minimum wages. In turn, the Afro-Brazilians are artificially put at a disadvantage and cannot escape absolute poverty no matter what they do. This economic subjugation leaves the Afro- Brazilians with no other option rather than to take up the roles domestic laborers as an occupation. Many have become homemakers and lowly servants of the elite oppressive society. This has been argued as total humiliation; as they are forced to work in the homes of their oppressors where they continue to be deprived further (Salardi 3). Brazil is among the countries of the world that inequality has continued to thrive unchecked. The majority of black women have no formal employment with about eighty percent working in the manual sector, which is very challenging to these women forcing them to sometimes negle cting their homes. They are specifically employed as domestic servants or domestic task and are among the lowest paid workers in the country and in the developing emerging economies of the world. With such low unreliable income, poverty becomes inherent, passed from one generation to the other, in the Afro- Brazilia